青海省囊谦县人 间肺 鼠疫爆 发 的调查 Study on an epidemic of human lung plague in Nangqian county, Qinghai province [Étude sur une épidémie de peste pulmonaire humaine dans le comté de Nangqian, province du Qinghai].

Résumé

目的 对青海省囊谦县2004年9—10月一起人间肺鼠疫疫情的调查。方法 用流行 病学调查 、临 床检查 、细菌学和血清学检查 及尸体解 剖等方法进行分析 和诊 断。结果 发病 14例 ,死 亡 6例;首发病例为原发性败血型鼠疫继发肺鼠疫;其他为原发性肺 鼠疫继发败血型鼠疫 4例 ,原发 性肺 鼠疫 9例 。鼠疫疫 区经常规处理 ,疫情被完全控 制。结论 狗叼食 旱獭将 染疫蚤 带入 帐房 内叮 咬人而传染鼠疫;其余病例经相互接触 、空气飞沫或空气尘埃传播 ;该地区应加强鼠情监测,灭獭灭 蚤 ,防 止 疫 情 再 次 发 生 。 To study an epidemic of human lung plague fulminant from September to 0ctober, 2004 in Nangqian county, Qinghai province. Methods : Cases were diagnosed through data from epidemiologica1, clinica1, bacteriologica1, serological and autopsy studies. Results : 14 patients were identified, ending up with 6 deaths and 8 cured. The first case was diagnosed as primary pesticemia late progressed to lung plague. 4 cases were transformed from pesticemia out of 13, leaving the 9 cases as primary lung plague. Situation was under com plete control through routinely handling the plague focus. Conclusion: The first case was biten by the infected fleas which parasitized the marmota preyed on a dog but later thèse fleas were brought into the tent by the dog. The others cases were infected through droplets or dust. Programs on monitoring and controling the amount of marmottas and fleas should to be strengthened to prevent the epidemics of plague in the area.