About protection necessity of bobak marmots in Povolzhje. O neobkhodimosti okhrany stepnykh sourkov v Povolj’e. [Sur la protection nécessaire des marmottes bobac de Povolje].

Résumé

Beginning from 1983 till 19.12.1997 bobak marmots were included into the Red book of the Russian Federation (Russia) that provided guarding and re-establishment oftheir number. After the exception them from this book has changed dependence and they have become the objects of hunting. Hunting without corresponding weapon and acquired habits of hunting didn't help to grow the number of bobak marmots. After the exception of bobak marmots from the Red book their livestock in Chuvashia bitterly went to decrease. According to exemplary expert value in Chuvashia at present the number of marmots are not more than 600 (but before the exception from the Red book of Russia the number of marmots was more than 2500). In the Ulyanovsk region is going on a predatory destruction of marmots, greatly developed a poaching and because of the decreasing of the marmots live-stock essentially fell the number of nesting eagles. In Tatarstan the number of marmots decreased as well. They are destroyed in the registered regions. Marmots' biodiversity strictly falls. Marmots with white and black-brown types of color of hair are abolished in the Utynskiy region of the Tatarstan Republic. At the same time in the Mary El Republic where hunting wasn't open the number of marmots' livestock is stable relatively. It is possible to state that the main factor of marmots' number reducing in some regions of Povolzhya is an amateur sanction of hunting and poaching. In the conditions of such rates of a number decreasing and biodiversity of bobak marmots we shall have to include them into the Red book of Russia. During 5 years a bobak marmot after the exception from the Red book of Russia in some regions is becoming rare and in some places as an escaping animal. Regional Red books in which a bobak marmot was included or recommended for an inclusion doesn't save a situation. Because of that we consider that it is necessary an organization of a large scale urgent measures for preservation of marmots in Povolzhje.