Principes de l'évaluation des habitats de marmottes par les méthodes cartographiques. Principles of marmot habitats assessment by cartographical methods.

Résumé

Tasks of Marmota bobac populations management need to create detailed maps of its resources. Because of extensivity of the area we would have to elaborate special methods of mapping based on assessment of marmot's habitats quality. In 80-90th two procedures of such assessment map creation were approved which are applied at different levels of population circumference and space scale.At regional level (scale of l : 2 500 000 - l : 4 000 000) the maps are built up by successive estimation of the role of main natural and anthropogenic factors defining the marmot life condition. The "cells" of such maps are natural types of habitats determined by the map of vegetation or by synthetic map of nature. The assessment of concrete factors are summed inside each "cell" (Rumiantsev, 1992). Such maps are created now for the whole territory of Kazakhstan.At local level (inside of concrete geographical populations, scale of about l : l 000 000) the "cells" of maps are administrative-economic units (areas of concrete holdings). Each "cell" is estimated by defining of relation between the areas of favourable and unfavourable sites. Such maps are built up for some parts of Southern Russia (Rumiantsev, Gorbunov, 1993). This method may be used at the first level too but it require more detailed base of data. The maps created by both methods will be used in the future as the base for extrapolation of factual data about marmot space distribution.