Vocalizations of the hoary marmot, Marmota caligata [Les vocalisations de la marmotte givrée, Marmota caligata].

Résumé

Vocalizations of North American marmot species were described for the woodchuck (Marmota monax) by Hamiltion '1934), grizzell (1955), Lloyd (1972), and Barash (1974), for the yellow-belleid marmot (M. flaviventris) by Armitage (1962) and Waring (1966) and for the olympic marmot (M. olympus) by Barash (1973). This paper presents previously unpublished descriptive information on vocalizations in the hoary marmot (M. caligata). Field work consiste of 322 hours of direct observation of a group of hoary marmots from 18 June to 20 September 1975. The defended colony range of about 12 hectares was at an elevation of 2,200 meters (m)in chelan County, T24N, R16R, section 21, in the Cascade Range of Washington.