Dynamique de population et effectif de Marmota bobac en Ukraine. Population dynamics andMarmota bobac number in Ukraina.

Résumé

Since the beginning of the 20-30-ties of our century the M. bobac areal in the Ukraine extended at a rate of 15-20 km every 20 years. There is observed a rapid growth of Kharkov population, where the number of animals increased from several tens of specimens at the beginning of our century to tens of thousand individuals. A similar splash in the animal number and the areal territory is observed in Lugansk region. M. bobac number in Lugansk region achieves 54,000 specimens. The All-Ukrainian reserve of the species is about 100,000 individuals. Three zones are observed in each population. First of them is the center of the areal with the radius of 15-20 km where all suitable territories are occupied by M. bobac home ranges. The population density in this zone is more than 0.4 fam/ha. The second zone occupies next 10-15 km of the territory and is characterized by an incomplete population, its density being from 0.1 to 0. 4 fam/ha. The third zone isthe border of the areal 5-8 km wide where one can find M. bobac in small groups (the density <0.1 fam/ha). Besides the M. bobac population in Kharkov and Lugansk region there are two more populations in the Ukraine. They are dislocated in the reservation "Askania- Nova" (Kherson region) and Nicolayev region.