Materials about Coleoptera species and holes and toilets of bobak marmot (Marmota bobak) acclimatized in the Udmurt Republic (Russia). Materialy k faoun jestokokrylykh (Colepotera) nor i oubrnykh stepnogo sourka (Marmota bobak) akklimatizirovannogo v oudmourtskp? respoublike (Russiya). [Données sur les Coléoptères et les terriers et les latrines de la marmotte bobac (Marmota bobac) réintroduite en République Oudmourte].

Résumé

The species composition was studied and Coleoptera population analyzed. The samples were obtained from the holes and toilets of marmots in the area of their acclimatization on the grassy slopes of a gully system in the Kama River valley, far south-east of the Udmurt Republic (near the border of the forest and forest steppe zones). The multi-species complexes of Coleoptera were found to have formed here within a period of 15 years (100 beetle species belonging to 16 families were found in total), a majority being formed by wide coprophillas ( 42 species). Some 20 beetles are referred to typical nidikonas or specific coprophagus in the faeces of large rodents. A majority of them mainly inhabits the asylums of various animal species, though they also can be found in other habitats (botrophillas), e.g. Margarinotus silantjevi Schir. (Histeridae), Onthophagus semicornis (Pz.), Aphodius putridus (Geoffr.), A. biguttatus Germ., Rhyssemus germanus (L. ) (Scarabaeidae ), Philonthus spermophili Gglb., Heterothrops stinglundbergi Isrl., Quedius puncticollis Thom. (Staphylinidae), Trox scaber (L.) (Trogidae). There was registered a number of inhabitants of a specific type of the faeces and holes of steppe rodents (botrobiontes): Anotylus bernhaueri (Gglb.), Coprophilus schuberti (Motsch.), Oxypoda togata Er., Aleochara cuniculorum Krtz. (Staphylinidae), Onthophagus vitulus (F.), Aphodius zangi Schm. (Scarabaeidae) (a species composition of the latter is poor, compared with the relict colonies of the steppe zone). The holes of other animaIs inhabiting the area since long ago (hamster, badger, fox, mole, vole-mouse) and probably russet ground squirrel (Spermophilus major) that appeared in the flood-lands of the Kama river several decades ago, serve as the reserves of the nidicol forms of Coleoptera detected in marmot colonies. The presence of a number of forest-steppe and steppe beetles in marmot's hole (in addition to the indicated botrobiontes, it also includes Hypocacculus rufipes Pk. (Histeridae), Oniticellus fulvus (Gz.) (Scarabaeidae), Lachnaeus crinitus Boh. (Curculionidae)) is due to the transformation of the area under study into steppe landscapes (mostly, due to anthropogenic activity). Taking into account a high migratory capacity of most of steppe beetles and a relative recentness of these marmot colonies, we believe the species composition of the hole complexes of Coleoptera win increase in future, mainly by nidikonas and coprophagus inhabiting the forest-steppe and steppe zone. In this respect a long-term monitoring of Coleoptera population in the holes and toilets of bobak marmot population is needed.